Power Grid [Battery Switcher 2.0] [Power Shutoff Bug Fix] [Remote Battery Level Indicator] [50Kw Capacitor] [Decentralized Pulsed Power Logistics]

[BLACKBERREST3]

I'll be editing this post for a while. Here is a pic of the whole thing while I explain all of the modules.

 

Relevant Info

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Battery Switcher 2.0

The Original design used a single battery as the primary i/o. This new design allows us to independently set the i/o for each battery. I will refer to the battery that is directly connected to the shutoff as the primary and the other battery isolated on one leg of the not-not latch will be the secondary.

Primary = Battery A

Secondary = Battery B

The primary will always supersede the secondary when requesting power. When the primary is full, there will only be a state change when the secondary is requesting power. The not-not latch remembers the state it was previously in when toggled. Play around with different High/Low settings and see what i/o fits your needs.

The i/o i have it set for at 5/20 and 80/100 will make it state change faster the less juice is in the system. The opposite is also true where the more juice you have the less it will state change.

 

 

I've also built a mirror version where the primary and secondary are flipped in case you want to build from L-to-R OR R-to-L OR. They both function the exact same way, it's just for aesthetics.

 

same wiring for both

 

Power Shutoff Fix

Going off of my previous work and the fact that we actually have a wattage sensor now we can finally have a fully automated way to detect and fix the shutoff bug. No clocks or other indirect mechanics needed.

Watt sensor = detects when there is no voltage on the consumer side

Filter = Does two-fold. For one, it negates the need to state change while there is already another state change in progress (or at least I think that's how that works 🙃) . The other thing it does is if your consumer line is on a pulsed grid, it will filter out the noise so it doesn't trip right away.

Not-And Rising Edge Detector = @biopon helped me with that a long time ago. Sends a 1-tick pulse when on. Only sends another pulse after it has been turned off and back on again.

XOR gate =  isolates the one leg of the not-not latch from the switcher shutoffs.

 

 

Remote Battery Level Indicator .33Kw

In terms of priority, it will be the first thing that gets charged by the producer line at .33 Repeating Kw (pulsed) and it will be the last to discharge at 1Kw when consumption is greater than power produced (or if gens are turned off).

because of the limited .33 repeating Kw throughput from both transformers in line with each other, if you build multiple modules of these miles away, they will charge/discharge at the same rate effectively syncing them together on the same backbone. There are a few variations of this to suit your i/o needs. For example if you want even slower drain when batteries are full, just pulse the second transformer too.

If you remove the pulser from the left transformer it won't be as accurate but it will fluctuate between 0-4Kw on the same backbone. I blame shutoffs causing transformers to start and stop at different times causing output to not be stable. This is important for the mechanics in the next section, so keep this in mind.

 

 

A little bit more on looping transformers (@Gamers Handbook method of battery switching)

Lets assume non pulsed transformers that are completely accurate so they turn on and off at the same rate and also assume a full battery at all times (for when you are consuming too much or generators shut off)

Battery A AND B Charge/Discharge at different rates when you loop. 1Kw is being divided to charge Battery A and every other battery on the backbone. So Battery A charges at 1Kw Divided by Total Amount of Batteries on Producer line. Another way to think about it is to add how much power your generators are producing with the total number of output side transformers you have on the same line.

T+G / Total Batteries = How fast Battery A charges

Throughput of transformer on the left = How fast Battery A AND B discharges to Battery C

This looping behavior can be a boon or curse on your grid depending on how you use it. For example if you were to build a Power Relay or Capacitor that pushes power down the line, you would not want to loop it back to the main backbone as that would limit throughput.

50Kw Capacitor

There are actually 2 types of capacitors we'll be looking at here. Non-Pulsed and Pulsed.

Here is the Non-Pulsed 20Kw and 50Kw capacitors. Size is dictated based on wire draw limit. 20Kw and 50Kw are the maximum draw for Heavi-Watt and Conductive Heavi-Watt wiring.

 

 

 

 

 

Here is what a pulsed capacitor looks like. This version is infinitely scalable per battery switcher as you can keep adding more transformers indefinitely. The downside is less throughput since your transformers will be on and off for a period of time. Depending on what ratio you've set the pulse to (usually 1.9/2 or .1/.2) determines your overall efficiency for how many J/s it can transfer.

 

Lets do a cost benefit analysis between the two since they do the same thing which is to push as much power as humanly possible from producers to consumers.

get ready for some math.

2000Kw / (4000Kw/3)  = 1.5 ratio of large transformers pulsed per 2 small non pulsed
365kg per additional large transformer to add
need 36 + 1.5 = 37.5 modules needed per 50Kw
(37.5 * 365kg) / (1000kg/T) = 13.6875T metal per 50Kw

One-Time Battery and transformer builld cost for non-pulse = 2260kg or .2260T
50Kw pulse recurring cost = 13.6875T
50Kw non pulse build = 8.1T + 2.175T = 10.275T
Pulse capacitor outpaces non-pulse capacitor by 3.4125T of metal every 50Kw
It is cheaper to build the non-pulse every time

on 1.9 off for 2 is (1.9 / 3.9) = .48718 efficiency
on for .1 off for .2 is (.1/.3) = 1/3 efficiency
even if we used a different pulse timer for the capacitor we would only get
.48718 / (1/3) = 1.46154 or 146.154% more power.
new ratio would be 2000Kw / (4000Kw * .48718) = 1.0263 ratio of large transformers pulsed per 2 small non pulsed
[ ( 36 + 1.0263 ) * 365kg / (1000kg/T) = 13.5146T
new 50Kw pulse recurring cost with better efficiency = 13.514.6T
thats a small difference of only 172.9Kg every 50Kw
 

tldr; Non-Pulsed Capacitor is cheaper to build

 

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why do we need a capacitor and not just tie it directly to the grid?

more testing to be done, in the process of making a safer 3 battery switcher to isolate pulses even further.

testing shows increased switching io is prone to pulse leakage to backhaul.

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Edited 1 hour ago by BLACKBERREST3