Enabling "Small Textures" causes all CJK text to become "???"

Steps:
1. Settings > Graphics
2. Enable "Small Textures"
3. Restart the game

Result:
All text becomes "???".

Languages tested:
Simplified Chinese – text becomes ???
Traditional Chinese – text becomes ???
Japanese – text becomes ???
Korean – text becomes ???

English – works normally

Additional observation:
In the language selection menu, the language names themselves also become ??? for these languages.