HolyDeath

With aug giving him +1 to AP he can use most weapons and do better than the others or be just as good as he was before, depending on what weapon you give him. I'd say there are other agents who are worse position than Shalem (like Deckard) without their starting gear, because they need specific items. For Shalem any weapon will do.

This is a bug? I thought it was intentional: Balance Changes

I see. It sounds like a bug. Overall Shalem and Internationale became much more valuable in terms of being able to haul loot without extra money needed to expand inventory.

You don't need to upgrade inventory on mission 1 (unless you do a Vault mission and happen to find artifacts, instead of deposit boxes), because you can only upgrade an agent after the mission. That's what I did with my team consisting of Deckard and Shalem. I agreethat Banks let you use security doors without a pass card (freeing one slot), but I think you're overthinking the importance of a single slot. Deckard has 3 slots for items and 1 free. Same as Banks. Shalem has 5 total, so he has 2 free. Internationale has 2 taken and 2 free.

So am I. You get money from the safes and for prisoners also, and when you steal from the guards' pockets.

You can buy extra inventory slots. That's what I did. Sure, it makes stealing artifacts less profitable (because you need to buy more slots or have more agents to begin with), but other than that it's manageable.

Got an overwatch bug myself: Banks was pinning down a guard. Other guard saw her on his turn and shot her instantly, on his own turn [on which he spotted her] with no usual 1 turn delay. She probably wouldn't have survived anyway, but a bug is a bug.

Perhaps, but if you look at the screen (on top of this page) there is a red text, meaning it ain't just copy-paste job and after going into an overwatch you get message that you need to seek cover or you'll be shot. I doubt they'd put these details in without having plan of AI using them, and I doubt that removing the ability (or the icon) in question would be that problematic for them to force them keep it.

Did you get into "notified" tile? Now guards will turn if they'll become alerted (!) and you'll get into yellow area. EDIT: I've checked out the camera drone and it indeed ain't shooting after agent moves when it's in overwatch. It might be a bug, because I got notification that "a guard is about to shoot your agent" while referring to the camera drone. I even have video as proof. See for yourselves:

"This unit will shoot at movement during the enemies turn" and the icon is symbolizing a gun, a firearm. I am pretty sure shooting with a gun can kill.

I think this should clear up any doubts:

Name is misleading, but once you hack and select it you can see its options.

I suspect camera drone being responsible for this one - it can fire, but only after going into an overwatch, which usually takes two turns.

CEOs can be found in the Executive Suite mission.

It's possible to rebalance the artifacts to cost less (how much is up to debate) and increase money in deposit boxies by that amount. It should be more lucrative money-wise to open deposit box, because it takes an extra effort to obtain the pass codes.